Add VAT to a price or remove it from a total. Pick 20%, 5% or 0% and see net, VAT and gross straight away.
This calculator needs JavaScript to run. The sums are simple: to add VAT at 20%, multiply the price before VAT by 1.2. To remove VAT at 20%, divide the price including VAT by 1.2. For example, £100 plus VAT at 20% is £120.
Tap Net, VAT or Gross to copy that figure.
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Rounded to the nearest penny. This works out VAT on one amount. It does not prepare a VAT return.
Rates checked against GOV.UK on 28 October 2026.
To add VAT at 20%, multiply the price before VAT by 1.2. A price of £100 before VAT becomes £120 with VAT, so the VAT is £20.
For the reduced rate of 5%, multiply by 1.05: £100 becomes £105. At the zero rate of 0% no VAT is added, so the price stays the same. In the calculator above, choose Add VAT, type the price before VAT and pick the rate.
To remove 20% VAT from a price that includes VAT, divide it by 1.2, or take one sixth off. A price of £120 with VAT is £100 before VAT, so the VAT in it is £20.
GOV.UK gives the same sum with smaller numbers: a price of £2.40 with VAT at 20% includes 40p of VAT, so the price before VAT is £2.00. For the reduced rate of 5%, divide by 1.05, or take one twenty-first off: £105 is £100 before VAT. In the calculator above, choose Remove VAT and type the price that includes VAT.
Your VAT rate depends on what you sell. The standard rate has been 20% since 4 January 2011.
| Rate | Name | Examples from GOV.UK |
|---|---|---|
| 20% | Standard rate | Most goods and services |
| 5% | Reduced rate | Children’s car seats and home energy |
| 0% | Zero rate | Most food and children’s clothes |
Source: GOV.UK: VAT rates. See the full list on GOV.UK: VAT rates on different goods and services. Rates checked against GOV.UK on 28 October 2026.
£100 plus VAT at 20% is £120. The table shows the same sum for other common amounts: the first column adds 20% VAT to the amount, the second takes 20% VAT out of an amount that includes it.
| Amount | Add 20% VAT (gross) | Remove 20% VAT (net) |
|---|---|---|
| £10.00 | £12.00 | £8.33 |
| £50.00 | £60.00 | £41.67 |
| £100.00 | £120.00 | £83.33 |
| £250.00 | £300.00 | £208.33 |
| £500.00 | £600.00 | £416.67 |
| £1,000.00 | £1,200.00 | £833.33 |
To calculate VAT at 20%, multiply the price before VAT by 0.2 and add the result to the price to get the total including VAT. For £100 the VAT is £20 and the total is £120.
To work out the VAT in a total that includes VAT at 20%, divide the total by 6. At 5%, divide it by 21. For a total of £120 the VAT is £20 and the price before VAT is £100.
The standard VAT rate in the UK is 20%, with a reduced rate of 5% and a zero rate of 0% for some goods and services. The standard rate has been 20% since 4 January 2011. You must register for VAT if your taxable turnover for the last 12 months goes over £90,000, or you expect it to go over £90,000 in the next 30 days.
The net amount is the price before VAT and the gross amount is the price including VAT. The difference between them is the VAT. For example, £100 net plus £20 VAT is £120 gross.
To add 20% to a price, multiply it by 1.2, so £50 becomes £60. The extra £10 is the VAT.
VAT exempt is not the same as 0% VAT, although no VAT is charged on either. Zero-rated goods and services, such as most food and children’s clothes, are taxable at 0% and count towards your taxable turnover for VAT registration, while exempt ones, such as postage stamps and financial and property transactions, do not. A business that sells only exempt goods or services does not have to register for VAT.
